Lybalvi

What is Lybalvi?

Lybalvi is a prescription medicine which contains 2 medicines (olanzapine and samidorphan) used in adults to treat schizophrenia alone for short-term (acute) or maintenance treatment of manic or mixed episodes that happen with bipolar I disorder, in combination with valproate or lithium to treat manic or mixed episodes that happen with bipolar I disorder

It is not known if Lybalvi is safe or effective in children.

Description

LYBALVI is a combination of olanzapine, an atypical antipsychotic, and samidorphan (as samidorphan L-malate), an opioid antagonist.

Olanzapine is 2-methyl-4-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-10H-thieno[2,3-b][1,5]benzodiazepine. The molecular formula of olanzapine is: C17H20N4S and the molecular weight is 312.44 g/mol. It is a yellow crystalline powder and has pKa values of 7.80 and 5.44. The chemical structure is:

Samidorphan L-malate is morphinan-3-carboxamide, 17-(cyclopropylmethyl)-4, 14-dihydroxy-6-oxo-, (2S)-2-hydroxybutanedioate. The molecular formula of samidorphan L-malate is C21H26N2O4 • C4H6O5 and the molecular weight is 504.54 g/mol. It is a white to off-white crystalline powder and has pKa values of 8.3 (amine) and 10.1 (phenol). The chemical structure is:

LYBALVI is intended for oral administration and is available as film-coated, bilayer tablets in the following strengths: 5 mg/10 mg, 10 mg/10 mg, 15 mg/10 mg, and 20 mg/10 mg of olanzapine and samidorphan (equivalent to 13.6 mg of samidorphan L-malate).

Inactive ingredients include colloidal silicon dioxide, crospovidone, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, and microcrystalline cellulose. The film coating ingredients include hypromellose, titanium dioxide, triacetin, and color additives [iron oxide yellow (5 mg/10 mg); iron oxide yellow and iron oxide red (10 mg/10 mg); FD&C Blue No. 2/ indigo carmine aluminum lake (15 mg/10 mg); iron oxide red (20 mg/10 mg)]

Mechanism of Action

The mechanism of action of olanzapine is unclear; however, its efficacy in the treatment of schizophrenia or bipolar I disorder could be mediated through a combination of dopamine and serotonin type 2 (5HT2) antagonism.

The mechanism of action of samidorphan could be mediated through opioid receptor antagonism.

What is the most important information I should know about Lybalvi?

Lybalvi may cause serious side effects, including:

• Increased risk of death in elderly people with dementia related psychosis. Lybalvi increases the risk of death in elderly people who have lost touch with reality (psychosis) due to confusion and memory loss (dementia).
  Lybalvi is not approved for the treatment of people with dementia-related psychosis.

Who should not take Lybalvi?

Do not take Lybalvi if you are taking opioids or are experiencing acute opioid withdrawal. See “What are the possible side effects of Lybalvi.”

What should I tell my healthcare provider before taking Lybalvi?

Before taking Lybalvi, tell your healthcare provider about all of your medical conditions, including if you:

• have or had heart problems or a stroke
• use or abuse street (illegal) drugs
• have or had low or high blood pressure
• have kidney problems
• have diabetes or high blood sugar or a family history of diabetes or high blood sugar
• have or have had high levels of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, or triglycerides or low levels of HDL cholesterol
• have or had a low white blood cell count
• have problems swallowing
• have or had seizures (convulsions)
• have or had problems with urination or prostate problems
• have or had breast cancer
• have or had constipation or a bowel obstruction
• have or had high prolactin levels
• are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. Talk to your healthcare provider about the risks to you and your unborn or newborn baby if you take Lybalvi during pregnancy.
  • Tell your healthcare provider right away if you become pregnant or think you are pregnant during treatment with Lybalvi.
  • If you become pregnant during treatment with Lybalvi, talk to your healthcare provider about registering with the National Pregnancy Registry for Atypical Antipsychotics. You can register by calling 1-866-961-2388 or visit http://womensmentalhealth.org/clinical-and-research-programs/pregnancyregistry/
• are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed. Lybalvi passes into your breast milk. Talk to your healthcare provider about the best way to feed your baby during treatment with Lybalvi.

Tell your healthcare provider about all the medicines you take, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements. Lybalvi and other medicines may affect each other causing possible serious side effects. Lybalvi may affect the way other medicines work, and other medicines may affect how Lybalvi works.

Especially tell your healthcare provider if you:

• take opioids or have stopped taking opioids in the past 14 days
• take or plan to take other olanzapine containing medicines.

Your healthcare provider can tell you if it is safe to take Lybalvi with your other medicines. Do not start or stop any medicines while taking Lybalvi without first talking to your healthcare provider.

Know the medicines you take. Keep a list of your medicines to show your healthcare provider and pharmacist when you get a new medicine.

How should I take Lybalvi?

• Take Lybalvi exactly as your healthcare provider tells you to take it. Do not change the dose or stop taking Lybalvi without first talking to your healthcare provider.
• Take Lybalvi 1 time each day with or without food.
• Swallow Lybalvi tablets whole. Do not split or combine different strength Lybalvi tablets.
• If you take too much Lybalvi, call your Poison Control Center at 1-800-222-1222 or go to the nearest hospital emergency room right away.

What should I avoid while taking Lybalvi?

• Do not drive a car, operate machinery, or do other dangerous activities until you know how Lybalvi affects you. Lybalvi may make you feel drowsy.
• Avoid drinking alcohol during treatment with Lybalvi.
• Avoid getting over-heated or dehydrated.
  • Do not exercise too much.
  • In hot weather, stay inside in a cool place if possible.
  • Stay out of the sun. Do not wear too much clothing or heavy clothing.
  • Drink plenty of water.

What are the possible side effects of Lybalvi?

Lybalvi may cause serious side effects, including:

• See “What is the most important information I should know about Lybalvi?”
• Stroke (cerebrovascular problems) in elderly people with dementia-related psychosis that can lead to death.
• Opioid withdrawal. Do not take Lybalvi for at least 7 days after you stopped taking short-acting opioids and for at least 14 days after you stopped taking long-acting opioids. One of the medicines in Lybalvi (samidorphan) can cause opioid withdrawal that may be severe and cause hospitalization in people who are physically dependent on opioids. Talk to your healthcare provider if you have questions about the type of opioid you take.
• Risk of life-threatening opioid overdose. You should not start taking opioids for at least 5 days after you stop treatment with Lybalvi. One of the medicines in Lybalvi (samidorphan) can increase your chance of having an opioid overdose that can cause death if you take opioids during treatment or within 5 days after stopping treatment with Lybalvi.
  You can accidentally overdose in 2 ways:
  • Lybalvi blocks the effects of opioids, such as heroin, methadone, or opioid pain medicines. Do not take large amounts of opioids to try to overcome the opioid-blocking effects of Lybalvi. This can lead to serious injury, coma, or death.
  • After you take Lybalvi, its blocking effect slowly decreases and completely goes away over time. You may be more sensitive to the effects of opioids. If you have used opioid street drugs or opioid-containing medicines in the past, using opioids in amounts that you used before treatment with Lybalvi can lead to overdose or death.It is important that you tell your family and the people closest to you of this increased sensitivity to opioids and the risk of overdose.You or someone close to you should get emergency medical help right away if you:
  • have trouble breathing
  • become very drowsy with slowed breathing
  • have slow, shallow breathing (little chest movement with breathing)
  • feel faint, very dizzy, confused, or have unusual symptomsTell your healthcare provider if you are taking Lybalvi before a medical procedure or surgery.
• Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS), a serious condition that can lead to death. Call your healthcare provider or go to the nearest hospital emergency room right away if you have some or all of the following signs and symptoms of NMS:
  • high fever
  • sweating
  • stiff muscles
  • changes in your breathing, pulse, heart rate, and blood pressure
  • confusion
• Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS): One of the medicines in Lybalvi (olanzapine) can cause DRESS which can cause death. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you develop any of the following symptoms of DRESS, including:
  • rash
  • fever
  • swollen glands
  • kidney problems
  • liver problems
  • lung problems
  • heart problems
• Problems with your metabolism such as:
  • high blood sugar (hyperglycemia) and diabetes. Increases in blood sugar can happen in some people who take Lybalvi. Extremely high blood sugar can lead to coma or death. Your healthcare provider should check your blood sugar before you start and regularly during treatment with Lybalvi.Call your healthcare provider if you have any of these symptoms of high blood sugar during treatment with Lybalvi:
    • feel very thirsty
    • need to urinate more than usual
    • feel very hungry
    • feel weak or tired
    • feel sick to your stomach
    • feel confused, or your breath smells fruity
  • increased fat levels (cholesterol and triglycerides) in your blood. Your healthcare provider should check the fat levels in your blood before you start and regularly during treatment with Lybalvi.
  • weight gain. You and your healthcare provider should check your weight before you start and often during treatment with Lybalvi.
• Uncontrolled body movements (tardive dyskinesia). Lybalvi may cause movements that you cannot control in your face, tongue, or other body parts. Tardive dyskinesia may not go away, even if you stop taking Lybalvi. Tardive dyskinesia may also start after you stop taking Lybalvi.
• Decreased blood pressure (orthostatic hypotension) and fainting. You may feel lightheaded or faint when you rise too quickly from a sitting or lying position.
• Falls. Lybalvi may make you sleepy or dizzy, may cause a decrease in your blood pressure when changing position (orthostatic hypotension), and can slow your thinking and motor skills which may lead to falls that can cause fractures or other injuries.
• Low white blood cell count. Your healthcare provider may do blood tests during the first few months of treatment with Lybalvi.
• Difficulty swallowing that can cause food or liquid to get into your lungs.
• Seizures (convulsions).
• Problems controlling your body temperature so that you feel too warm. See “What should I avoid while taking Lybalvi?”
• Increased prolactin levels in your blood. Your healthcare provider may do blood tests to check your prolactin levels during treatment with Lybalvi.

The most common side effects of Lybalvi when used to treat people with schizophrenia include:

• weight gain
• sleepiness
• dry mouth
• headache

The most common side effects of Lybalvi when used alone to treat people with mixed or manic episodes that happen with bipolar I disorder include:

• weakness
• dry mouth
• constipation
• increased appetite
• sleepiness
• dizziness
• shaking

The most common side effects of Lybalvi when used in combination with lithium or valproate to treat people with mixed or manic episodes that happen with bipolar I disorder include:

• dry mouth
• weight gain
• increased appetite
• dizziness
• back pain
• constipation
• problems speaking
• mouth watering
• memory problems
• numbness and tingling in your arm and legs

These are not all the possible side effects of Lybalvi. Call your healthcare provider for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA1088.

General information about the safe and effective use of Lybalvi

Medicines are sometimes prescribed for purposes other than those listed in a Medication Guide. Do not use Lybalvi for a condition for which it is not prescribed. Do not give Lybalvi to other people, even if they have the same symptoms that you have. It may harm them. You can ask your pharmacist or healthcare provider for information about Lybalvi that is written for healthcare providers.

How should I store Lybalvi?

• Store Lybalvi at room temperature between 68°F to 77°F (20°C to 25°C) in the original bottle.
• Keep the Lybalvi bottle tightly closed, in a dry place, and with the desiccant pack in the bottle to protect from moisture.

Keep Lybalvi and all medicines out of the reach of children.

What are the ingredients in Lybalvi?

Active ingredients: olanzapine and samidorphan

Inactive ingredients: colloidal silicon dioxide, crospovidone, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate and microcrystalline cellulose.

The film coating ingredients include:

• hypromellose, titanium dioxide, triacetin and iron oxide yellow (5 mg/10 mg)
• iron oxide yellow and iron oxide red (10 mg/10 mg)
• FD&C Blue No. 2/indigo carmine aluminum lake (15 mg/10 mg)
• iron oxide red (20 mg/10 mg)

Label

PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL

• Principal Display Panel – 10 mg/10 mg 90 Tablets Carton Label
• NDC 65757-652-44       Rx Only
• LYBALVI™
• (olanzapine/samidorphan)
  tablets
• 10 mg/10 mg
• Dispense the accompanying
  Medication Guide to each patient.
• 90 Tablets

SRC: NLM .